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November/December 2000
The county fair is an event that children and adults look forward to. Often children in rural areas prepare projects, for 4-H all year long, and the county fair is the place where they get to show off their projects. Fair goers seldom realize that the fair may be a dangerous place they could go [...]
Whether one is involved in designing, installing, or maintaining an electrical system, protection must be of primary concern. This includes not only safeguarding equipment and facilities from damage or improper operation, but it also includes the safety of personnel who may be exposed to the hazards inherent with any electrical installation.
Insulation and grounding are two recognized means for preventing injury during electrical equipment operation. Conductor insulation may be provided by placing nonconductive material, such as insulation, around the conductor. Grounding may be achieved through the use of a direct connection to an available, effectively grounded electrode, such as a metal water pipe, structural steel, a [...]
Since the original introduction of the Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters in the 1971 National Electrical Code, these devices have proven to their users and the electrical community that they are worth the added cost during construction or remodeling. Published data shows a decreasing trend in the number of electrocutions in the United States since the introduction [...]
Question: Luminaires Some luminaires imported to the United States are provided with metric hardware for mounting the fixtures. However, UL Listing requirements specify that fixtures be provided with American standard-sized mounting hardware. Is UL enforcing these requirements?
Everyone understands the importance of good connections in business and in life generally. Good electrical connections are important too. The Canadian Electrical Code provides some important information and contains many rules on connecting electrical equipment. In this article we will cover a few of the many connection principles contained in the code.
Question. Recently, a major manufacturer initiated a voluntary recall of in-wall, or baseboard, electric heaters. The media reported that “under certain conditions these heaters could fail, causing the units to overheat, catch fire, and spew flames and molten particles. The heaters may also become energized, creating a potential electrical shock hazard.” Has CSA International ever [...]
Should our electrical standard for industrial machinery keep current with what the rest of the world is doing? If you build machines for the global marketplace, you’d answer “do it or die.” A harmonized NFPA 79 paves the way for you to build a machine that your company can sell from Boston to Bombay. If [...]
Abstract The requirement for sunlight resistance for conductors that are exposed to direct sunlight was added in Section 310-8 of the 1999 National Electrical Code (NEC).1 However, the implementation of this requirement has resulted in some confusion for the users of the Code. For the purpose of listing and or markings on the products, Code [...]
Introduction The first part of this series of articles provided a general understanding of the IEC and how it operates. Often more confusing though, to a new participant in the IEC, is the overall standards making process. This article will provide information on how to process an idea from its initial conception as a proposal, [...]