With a global compound annual growth rate of 32 percent over the past five years, wind power is the world’s fastest growing energy source, and wind turbines are currently installed or being installed in more than thirty states nationwide. The American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) projects that more than 6,000 MW of wind energy generating [...]
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What do fuel cells, photovoltaics, and some wind turbines have in common? If they are supplying electricity to a facility and are also capable of supplying excess energy back to the local utility, it is likely they contain a utility-interactive static power inverter. In fact, the static power inverter is one of the major keys [...]
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Where are we now? This is a question that industries, especially emerging industries, should be required to ask themselves often. Being forward-looking has its advantages, but unless an industry knows where it stands, it will be unable to see very far into its future. In what will become an annual tracking of the fuel cell [...]
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The purpose of this document is to provide an overview of the degradation process that can occur in metal oxide varistors (MOVs). MOVs are variable resistors primarily consisting of zinc oxide (ZnO) with the function of limiting or diverting transient voltage surges. MOVs exhibit a relative high energy absorption capability which is important to the [...]
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Photovoltaic (PV) power systems are being installed by the thousands throughout the United States. In states like California, New York, New Jersey and a few others where financial incentives are available, the PV business is booming. Over 560 megawatts of PV modules were produced internationally in 2002 and annual production is increasing each year.1The first [...]
(No Ratings Yet)The National Electrical Safety Code (NESC) only addresses conductor ampacity directly relative to grounding conductors. Rule 93C, page 19, requires grounding conductors to have a short-time ampacity adequate to handle the available fault current magnitude for the time it takes the source protection device to operate without melting or otherwise affecting the design characteristics of [...]
(No Ratings Yet)The Canadian Electrical Code provides safety standards for installation and maintenance of electrical equipment. Its object is to prevent electrical fire and shock hazards when we follow its rules. The CEC is not intended as a design standard, but only a set of least requirements to help us achieve safe electrical installations. For the most [...]
(No Ratings Yet)Question: Gasoline vapors and vending machines Does UL take into account the chimney effect of gasoline vapors through a vending machine when evaluating these machines for use at service stations? Also, is there an external marking to indicate that the units are suitable for an island?
(No Ratings Yet)Question: Counterfeit UL listing mark How can we tell if a UL Listing Mark is counterfeit? Is there something we should look for?
(No Ratings Yet)Question: Dry type power distribution transformer Is the copper or aluminum ribbon-bonding jumper provided on dry type power distribution transformers between the core and the enclosure intended as the main bonding jumper for grounding a separately derived system?
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IAEI, as the keystone of the electrical industry, is a membership driven, non-profit association promoting electrical safety throughout the industry by providing premier education, certification of inspectors, advocacy, partnerships and expert leadership in Electrical Codes and Standards development.
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